Image caching involves storing copies of images in a temporary storage location, or cache, to expedite subsequent retrievals. When a user accesses a webpage, cached images are loaded from the local storage or a nearby server rather than being fetched from the origin server, reducing load times and bandwidth consumption.

Implementing effective image caching strategies enhances website performance, improves user experience, and reduces server load. Techniques include setting appropriate cache-control headers and utilizing Content Delivery Networks (CDNs) to distribute cached images closer to end-users.